1 Artificial intelligence (AI)

1. AI is a broad field that encompasses many different disciplines.
2. AI is a set of technologies.
3. Is the backbone of innovation in modern computing.

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2 Four stages of AI development are commonly recognized

1. Building computers and machines that can reason, learn.
2. An AI takeover is an imagined scenario.
3. The core principle revolves around data.
4. This learning process often involves algorithms.

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3 Artificial intelligence training models

When businesses talk about AI, they often talk about “training data.”

But what does that mean?

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4 In broad strokes, three kinds of learning models are often used in machine learning

1. In simple terms, to train the algorithm to recognize pictures of cats, feed it pictures labelled as cats. (Supervised Learning)
2. A machine learning model that learns patterns based on unlabelled data. (Unsupervised Learning)
3. A semi-supervised learning is often employed. (Semi-supervised Learning)

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5 Common types of artificial neural networks

Some of the most common types of artificial neural networks you may encounter include 5 or more sub-headings. more

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6 - Benefits of AI

1 Artificial intelligence (AI)

1. AI is a set of technologies that enable computers to perform a variety of advanced functions, including the ability to see, understand and translate spoken and written language, analyze data, make recommendations, and more.

2. AI is the backbone of innovation in modern computing, unlocking value for individuals and businesses. For example, optical character recognition (OCR) uses AI to extract text and data from images and documents, turns unstructured content into business-ready structured data, and unlocks valuable insights.

3. Artificial intelligence is a field of science concerned with building computers and machines that can reason, learn, and act in such a way that would normally require human intelligence or that involves data whose scale exceeds what humans can analyze.

4. AI is a broad field that encompasses many different disciplines, including computer science, data analytics and statistics, hardware and software engineering, linguistics, neuroscience, and even philosophy and psychology.

5. Will AI rule the world? A lot more

6. An AI takeover is an imagined scenario in which artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as the dominant form of intelligence on Earth and computer programs or robots effectively take control of the planet away from the human species.

7. Possible scenarios include replacement of the entire human workforce due to automation, takeover by an artificial superintelligence (ASI), and the notion of a robot uprising.

8. Stories of AI takeovers have been popular throughout science fiction, but recent advancements have made the threat more real.

9. Some public figures, such as Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk, have advocated research into precautionary measures to ensure future superintelligent machines remain under human control.

10. Source of 6 to 9 here.

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7 How does AI work?

7.1 Core Principles

1. While the specifics vary across different AI techniques, the core principle revolves around data. AI systems learn and improve through exposure to vast amounts of data, identifying patterns and relationships that humans may miss.

2. This learning process often involves algorithms, which are sets of rules or instructions that guide the AI's analysis and decision-making. In machine learning, a popular subset of AI, algorithms are trained on labelled or unlabelled data to make predictions or categorize information.

7.2 Deep Learning

1. Is a further specialization, utilizes artificial neural networks with multiple layers to process information, mimicking the structure and function of the human brain.

2. Through continuous learning and adaptation, AI systems become increasingly adept at performing specific tasks, from recognizing images to translating languages and beyond.

7.3 Types of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence can be organized in several ways, depending on stages of development or actions being performed.

Four stages of AI development are commonly recognized.

7.3.1 Reactive Machines

Limited AI that only reacts to different kinds of stimuli based on preprogrammed rules. Does not use memory and thus cannot learn with new data.

IBM's Deep Blue was a chess-playing supercomputer that achieved a historic victory by defeating then-world chess champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match in 1997... that beat chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997 was an example of a reactive machine.

Source: [Internal Link]

7.3.2 Limited Memory

Most modern AI is considered to be limited memory AI. It can use memory to improve over time by being trained with new data, typically through an artificial neural network or other training model. Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, is considered limited memory artificial intelligence.

7.3.3 Theory of Mind

Theory of mind AI does not currently exist, but research is ongoing into its possibilities. It describes AI that can emulate the human mind and has decision-making capabilities equal to that of a human, including recognizing and remembering emotions and reacting in social situations as a human would.

7.3.4 Self Aware AI & Beyond

1. A step above theory of mind AI, self-aware AI describes a mythical machine that is aware of its own existence and has the intellectual and emotional capabilities of a human. Like theory of mind AI, self-aware AI does not currently exist.

2. A more useful way of broadly categorizing types of artificial intelligence is by what the machine can do. All of what we currently call artificial intelligence is considered artificial “narrow” intelligence, in that it can perform only narrow sets of actions based on its programming and training. For instance, an AI algorithm for object classification won’t be able to perform natural language processing. Google Search is a form of narrow AI, as is predictive analytics, or virtual assistants.

3. Artificial general intelligence (AGI) would be the ability for a machine to “sense, think, and act” just like a human. AGI does not currently exist.

4. The next level would be artificial superintelligence (ASI), in which the machine would be able to function in all ways superior to a human.

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8 Artificial intelligence training models

1. When businesses talk about AI, they often talk about “training data.” But what does that mean?

2. Remember that limited-memory artificial intelligence is AI that improves over time by being trained with new data.

3. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that uses algorithms to train data to obtain results.

Source: Google Cloud

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